96 Tests PN: B111379

Components:

45x Ab-conjugated beads (S4P3- human FS Ab-bead). PN: B111379A. One vial containing 100 µL of anti-human FS conjugated to AimPlex Bead S4P3.

25x Biotin-detection Ab (human FS Biotin-dAb). PN: B111379B. One vial containing 100 µL of biotinylated anti-human FS.

Lyophilized Standard Mix-Human Group 10, Panel A, 9-Plex. PN: HG1009A. One vial containing lyophilized recombinant BTC, CNTF, FGF-4, Follistatin, IL-19, KGF, PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, and PIGF-1.  Note: If multiple analyte kits on the above target list are ordered as a panel, only one vial of standard mix is supplied for those analyte kits.

Application: Optimal antibody pair and antigen standard for assaying human Human FS. Can be multiplexed with other analytes in Human Group 10.  To be used in conjunction with the AimPlex NR Basic Kit (PN: P100001) and a diluent kit. Refer to the AimPlex Multiplex Immunoassay User Manual and kit inserts for the assay procedure.

Storage:  2-8 C in the dark.

Important: Sodium azide forms explosive compounds with heavy metals. These products contain <0.05% (w/w) azide which with repeated contact with lead and copper commonly found in plumbing drains may result in the buildup of shock sensitive compounds. Dispose in accordance with regulations from your institute.

For Research Use Only.  Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Assay Specifications:

  • Sample types: Cell culture supernatant, serum, plasma, bodily fluid and tissue/cell lysate

  • Sensitivity (LOD): < 50 pg/mL

  • Quantitation range:

  • LLOQ: < 100 pg/mL

  • ULOQ: > 20,000 pg/mL

  • Standard dose recovery: 70-130%

  • Intra-assay CV: < 10%

  • Inter-assay CV: < 20%

  • Cross-reactivity of analytes in Human Group 10: Negligible

  • Sample volume: 15 µL/test

Description:

Follistatin (FST or FS), also known as activin-binding protein, is an autocrine glycoprotein that is expressed in nearly all tissues of higher animals. Its primary function is the binding and bioneutralization of members of the TGF-β superfamily, with a particular focus on activin, a paracrine hormone. In the blood, activin and follistatin are both known to be involved in the inflammatory response following tissue injury or pathogenic incursion. Follistatin is involved in the development of the embryo. It has inhibitory action on bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs); BMPs induce the ectoderm to become epidermal ectoderm. Inhibition of BMPs allows neuroectoderm to arise from ectoderm, a process which eventually forms the neural plate. A study has also shown that increased levels of follistatin, by leading to increased muscle mass of certain core muscular groups, can increase life expectancy in cases of spinal muscular atrophy in animal models. Diseases associated with FST include polycystic ovary syndrome and endometriosis.

References:

  1. Ueno N, Ling N, Ying SY, Esch F, Shimasaki S, Guillemin R (December 1987). "Isolation and partial characterization of follistatin: a single-chain Mr 35,000 monomeric protein that inhibits the release of follicle-stimulating hormone". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (23): 8282–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.23.8282. PMC 299526. PMID 3120188.

  2. Tortoriello DV, Sidis Y, Holtzman DA, Holmes WE, Schneyer AL (August 2001). "Human follistatin-related protein: a structural homologue of follistatin with nuclear localization". Endocrinology 142 (8): 3426–34. doi:10.1210/en.142.8.3426. PMID 11459787.

  3. Lee SJ, McPherron AC (2001). "Regulation of myostatin activity and muscle growth". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (16): 9306–11. doi:10.1073/pnas.151270098. PMC 55416. PMID 11459935.

  4. Rose FF, Mattis VB, Rindt H, Lorson CL (December 2008). "Delivery of recombinant follistatin lessens disease severity in a mouse model of Spinal Muscular Atrophy". Hum. Mol. Genet. 18 (6): 997–1005. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddn426. PMC 2649020. PMID 19074460. Retrieved 2008-12-17.